Global Crypto Atlas

Regulation, adoption and public policy worldwideAn international observatory on how countries regulate, tax, adopt or restrict crypto assets, blockchain, stablecoins, Web3 and digital assets. Primary sources, published criteria and no political labels.

The Atlas does not argue that more or less regulation is better. It shows what exists, with verifiable indicators.

Level 0 · Restrictive / prohibitive
Level 1 · Incipient regulation
Level 2 · Partial regulation
Level 3 · Established framework
Level 4 · Comprehensive and operational regulation
Under assessment
Not assessed

GCRI · Global Crypto Regulation Index

Crypto regulation · World

Rank
1	🇧🇷 Brazil	100/100 · Level 4	5th overall (2025)	Available	Rules identified	Regulated	Digital Real Platform Pilot Project (Piloto RD), BCB Resolution No. 315/2023.	31/10/2026
1	🇦🇹 Austria	100/100 · Level 4	Outside the published top 20 (2025)	Available	Rules identified	Regulated	Digital euro: the ECB moved to the next phase of the project on 30/10/2025; possible first issuance in 2029 if the legislation is adopted.	31/10/2026
1	🇧🇪 Belgium	100/100 · Level 4	Outside the published top 20 (2025)	Available	Rules identified	Regulated	Digital euro: the ECB moved to the next phase of the project on 30/10/2025; possible first issuance in 2029 if the legislation is adopted.	31/10/2026
1	🇭🇷 Croatia	100/100 · Level 4	Outside the published top 20 (2025)	Available	Rules identified	Regulated	Digital euro: the ECB moved to the next phase of the project on 30/10/2025; possible first issuance in 2029 if the legislation is adopted.	31/10/2026
1	🇨🇿 Czechia	100/100 · Level 4	Outside the published top 20 (2025)	Available	Rules identified	Regulated	·	31/10/2026
1	🇩🇰 Denmark	100/100 · Level 4	Outside the published top 20 (2025)	Available	Rules identified	Regulated	·	31/10/2026
1	🇪🇪 Estonia	100/100 · Level 4	11th adjusted for population (2025)	Available	Rules identified	Regulated	Digital euro: the ECB moved to the next phase of the project on 30/10/2025; possible first issuance in 2029 if the legislation is adopted.	31/10/2026
1	🇫🇮 Finland	100/100 · Level 4	16th adjusted for population (2025)	Available	Rules identified	Regulated	Digital euro: the ECB moved to the next phase of the project on 30/10/2025; possible first issuance in 2029 if the legislation is adopted.	31/10/2026
1	🇫🇷 France	100/100 · Level 4	Outside the published top 20 (2025)	Available	Rules identified	Regulated	Digital euro: the ECB moved to the next phase of the project on 30/10/2025; possible first issuance in 2029 if the legislation is adopted.	31/10/2026
1	🇩🇪 Germany	100/100 · Level 4	Outside the published top 20 (2025)	Available	Rules identified	Regulated	Digital euro: the ECB moved to the next phase of the project on 30/10/2025; possible first issuance in 2029 if the legislation is adopted.	31/10/2026
1	🇭🇺 Hungary	100/100 · Level 4	Outside the published top 20 (2025)	Available	Rules identified	Regulated	·	31/10/2026
1	🇮🇪 Ireland	100/100 · Level 4	Outside the published top 20 (2025)	Available	Rules identified	Regulated	Digital euro: the ECB moved to the next phase of the project on 30/10/2025; possible first issuance in 2029 if the legislation is adopted.	31/10/2026
1	🇮🇹 Italy	100/100 · Level 4	Outside the published top 20 (2025)	Available	Rules identified	Regulated	Digital euro: the ECB moved to the next phase of the project on 30/10/2025; possible first issuance in 2029 if the legislation is adopted.	31/10/2026
1	🇱🇻 Latvia	100/100 · Level 4	7th adjusted for population (2025)	Available	Rules identified	Regulated	Digital euro: the ECB moved to the next phase of the project on 30/10/2025; possible first issuance in 2029 if the legislation is adopted.	31/10/2026
1	🇱🇹 Lithuania	100/100 · Level 4	Outside the published top 20 (2025)	Available	Rules identified	Regulated	Digital euro: the ECB moved to the next phase of the project on 30/10/2025; possible first issuance in 2029 if the legislation is adopted.	31/10/2026
1	🇱🇺 Luxembourg	100/100 · Level 4	Outside the published top 20 (2025)	Available	Rules identified	Regulated	Digital euro: the ECB moved to the next phase of the project on 30/10/2025; possible first issuance in 2029 if the legislation is adopted.	31/10/2026
1	🇲🇹 Malta	100/100 · Level 4	Outside the published top 20 (2025)	Available	Rules identified	Regulated	Digital euro: the ECB moved to the next phase of the project on 30/10/2025; possible first issuance in 2029 if the legislation is adopted.	31/10/2026
1	🇳🇱 Netherlands	100/100 · Level 4	Outside the published top 20 (2025)	Available	Rules identified	Regulated	Digital euro: the ECB moved to the next phase of the project on 30/10/2025; possible first issuance in 2029 if the legislation is adopted.	31/10/2026
1	🇵🇱 Poland	100/100 · Level 4	Outside the published top 20 (2025)	Available	Rules identified	Regulated	·	31/10/2026
1	🇵🇹 Portugal	100/100 · Level 4	20th adjusted for population (2025)	Available	Rules identified	Regulated	Digital euro: the ECB moved to the next phase of the project on 30/10/2025; possible first issuance in 2029 if the legislation is adopted.	31/10/2026
1	🇷🇴 Romania	100/100 · Level 4	Outside the published top 20 (2025)	Available	Rules identified	Regulated	·	31/10/2026
1	🇸🇰 Slovakia	100/100 · Level 4	Outside the published top 20 (2025)	Available	Rules identified	Regulated	Digital euro: the ECB moved to the next phase of the project on 30/10/2025; possible first issuance in 2029 if the legislation is adopted.	31/10/2026
1	🇸🇮 Slovenia	100/100 · Level 4	10th adjusted for population (2025)	Available	Rules identified	Regulated	Digital euro: the ECB moved to the next phase of the project on 30/10/2025; possible first issuance in 2029 if the legislation is adopted.	31/10/2026
1	🇪🇸 Spain	100/100 · Level 4	Outside the published top 20 (2025)	Available	Rules identified	Regulated	Digital euro: the ECB moved to the next phase of the project on 30/10/2025; possible first issuance in 2029 if the legislation is adopted.	31/10/2026
1	🇸🇪 Sweden	100/100 · Level 4	Outside the published top 20 (2025)	Available	Rules identified	Regulated	·	31/10/2026
26	🇬🇷 Greece	94/100 · Level 4	Outside the published top 20 (2025)	Not identified	Rules identified	Regulated	Digital euro: the ECB moved to the next phase of the project on 30/10/2025; possible first issuance in 2029 if the legislation is adopted.	31/10/2026
·	🇧🇬 Bulgaria	Under assessment (17/18)	Outside the published top 20 (2025)	·	Rules identified	Regulated	Digital euro: the ECB moved to the next phase of the project on 30/10/2025; possible first issuance in 2029 if the legislation is adopted.	31/10/2026
·	🇨🇾 Cyprus	Under assessment (17/18)	Outside the published top 20 (2025)	·	Rules identified	Regulated	Digital euro: the ECB moved to the next phase of the project on 30/10/2025; possible first issuance in 2029 if the legislation is adopted.	31/10/2026

Regulation × Adoption

The chart only places countries with a complete regulation index and confirmed adoption data. Color = geographic region, never the government's political orientation. Adoption = position in the Chainalysis 2025 overall index (only the top 20 is published; higher on the chart means higher adoption).

High adoption · low maturity

High adoption · high maturity

Low adoption · low maturity

Low adoption · high maturity

🇧🇷 Brazil · GCRI 100 · #5X = Regulation (GCRI)Y = Crypto adoption

The world is regulating crypto

2022→
2023→
2024→
2025→
2026→
TODAY

⚡ What changed in the world?

🇧🇷 BRAZILApproved
BCB Resolution 589/2026
Amends BCB Resolution 520.
23/09/2026 · Central Bank of Brazil · Regulation · Effective: 01/10/2026 e 01/01/2027
See original data ↗
🇧🇷 BRAZILIn force
IN RFB 2,291/2025 (DeCripto)
Crypto-asset declaration under the CARF/OECD standard.
14/11/2025 · Receita Federal (Federal Revenue Service) · Normative Instruction · Effective: 01/07/2026
See original data ↗
🇧🇷 BRAZILIn force
BCB Resolutions 519, 520 and 521
Authorization and operation of virtual-asset service providers; foreign exchange.
10/11/2025 · Central Bank of Brazil · Regulation · Effective: 02/02/2026
See original data ↗
🇧🇷 BRAZILRepealed / replaced
MP 1.303/2025
Taxation of financial investments and virtual assets. Lapsed.
11/06/2025 · Presidency of the Republic · Provisional measure
See original data ↗
🇪🇺 EUROPEAN UNIONIn force
Legal deadline for the central MiCA register
Arts. 109 and 110 of MiCA require ESMA to publish a register of white papers, authorized CASPs and non-compliant entities by 30/12/2024.
30/12/2024 · ESMA · Public register
See original data ↗
🇪🇺 EUROPEAN UNIONIn force
MiCA comes into force
Regulation (EU) 2023/1114 establishes uniform EU rules for crypto assets.
06/2023 · European Parliament and Council of the EU · Regulation · Effective: June 2023, with phased application
See original data ↗
🇧🇷 BRAZILIn force
Law 14,478/2022
Guidelines for the provision of virtual-asset services.
21/12/2022 · National Congress · Law
See original data ↗